Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a new term for vulvovaginal and urethral atrophy. GSM occurs at menopause and causes changes in the tissues of the vulva, vagina, urethra and bladder.
What are the symptoms of GSM?
The main symptoms of GSM are vaginal dryness, pain during intercourse, vulvar itching, vulvovaginal irritation, urinary urgency, pain during urination, and urinary incontinence.
How common is GSM in women?
This condition is common, affecting 39% to 63% of menopausal women.
Can GSM be treated?
The main treatments available today to relieve the symptoms of GSM are the regular application of hormone therapy and moisturizers in the vagina, and the use of a water-based lubricant (available in pharmacies) during sexual intercourse.
Pelvic floor muscle exercises seem to have a positive effect on genitourinary syndrome of menopause by reducing symptoms. These exercises are thought to improve blood circulation in the perineal area area, thereby reducing dryness and discomfort.
Certain changes in hygiene, laundry and clothing habits can further reduce GSM symptoms